Problem 74: The set W of ordered triads $(a_1,a_2,0)$, where $a_1,a_2 \in F$ is a subspace of $V

Problem 74: The set W of ordered triads $(a_1,a_2,0)$, where $a_1,a_2 \in F$ is a subspace of $V_3(F)$.

Solution:
$W = \{(a_1,a_2,0)|a_1,a_2 \in \F\}$.
Now let $u = (a_1,a_2,0)$ and $v = (b_1,b_2,0)$ for $a_1,a_2,b_1,b_2 \in \F$.Then
Closure under Addition:
$u+v = (a_1,a_2,0) + (b_1,b_2,0) = (a_1+b_1,a_2+b_2,0) = (x,y,0)$
if $x=a_1+b_1, y = a_2+b_2$
So, $u+v \in W$
Hence,W is closed under addition.
Closure under Scalar Multiplication:
Let $k \in \R$ and $u=(a_1,a_2,0) \in W$
Then, $ku = (ka_1,ka_2,0)$
which shows that $ku \in W$
Therefore W is a subspace of $V_3(F)$

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Problem 98: If 6 of 18 new buildings in a city violate the building code, what is the probability that a building inspector, who randomly selects 4 of the new buildings for inspection, will catch
a. none of the buildings that violate the building code?
b. 1 of the new buildings that violate the building code?
c. 2 of the new buildings that violate the building code?
d. at least 3 of the new buildings that violate the building code?

Problem 98: If 6 of 18 new buildings in a city violate the building code, what is the probability that a building inspector, who randomly selects 4 of the new buildings for inspection, will catch a. none of the buildings that violate the building code? b. 1 of the new buildings that violate the building code? c. 2 of the new buildings that violate the building code? d. at least 3 of the new buildings that violate the building code? Solution: a. none of the buildings that violate the building code? Given that $x=0,n=4,a=6, N=18$ Hypergeometric distribution, $h(x;n,a,N)=\frac{\left(\begin{array}{c}a\\ x\end{array}\right)\left(\begin{array}{c}N-a\\ n-x\end{array}\right)}{\left(\begin{array}{c}N\\ n\end{array}\right)}$ $P(x=0) = h(0;4,6,18)=\frac{\left(\begin{array}{c}6\\ 0\end{array}\right)\left(\begin{array}{c}18-6\\ 4-0\end{array}\right)}{\left(\begin{array}{c}18\\ 4\end{array}\right)} = 0.16176.$ b. 1 of the new buildings that violate the building code? Given ...

Problem 105: If a bank receives on the average α = 6 bad checks per day, what are the probabilities that it will receive (a) 4 bad checks on any given day?
(b) 10 bad checks over any 2 consecutive days?

Problem 105: If a bank receives on the average α = 6 bad checks per day, what are the probabilities that it will receive (a) 4 bad checks on any given day? (b) 10 bad checks over any 2 consecutive days? Solution: Poisson distribution, $f(x;\lambda )=\frac{{\lambda }^{x}{e}^{-\lambda }}{x!}$ a. 4 bad checks on any given day Given that $x=4, \lambda = \alphaT = 6\dot 1 = 6$ $f(4;6 )=\frac{{6 }^{4}{e}^{-6 }}{4!} = 0.134$ b. 10 bad checks over any 2 consecutive days Given that $x=10, \lambda = \alphaT = 6\dot 2 = 12$ $f(10;12 )=\frac{{12 }^{10}{e}^{-12 }}{10!} = 0.104837$

Problem 56: Let $S = \{x \in \R^3 : x = (r-2s,3r+s,s), r,s \in \R \}$. Establish that $S$ is a subspace of $\R^3$.

Problem 56: Let $S = \{x \in \R^3 : x = (r-2s,3r+s,s), r,s \in \R \}$. Establish that $S$ is a subspace of $\R^3$. Solution: $S = \{x \in \R^3 : x = (r-2s,3r+s,s), r,s \in \R \}$. S is certainly nonempty. Let $x, y \in S$. Then for some $r, s, u,v \in \R$, $x = (r-2s,3r+s,s)$ and $y = (u-2v,3u+v,v)$. Hence, $x + y = (r-2s,3r+s,s) + (u-2v,3u+v,v)$ $= (r-2s+u-2v,3r+s+3u+v,s+v) = ((r+u)-2(s+v),3(r+u)+(s+v),(s+v))$ $= (k-2l,3k+l,l)$, where $k = r + u, l=s+v$. Consequently, $S$ is closed under addition. Further, if $c \in \R$, then $cx = c(r-2s,3r+s,s) = (c(r-2s),c(3r+s),cs) $ $= (cr-2cs,3cr+cs,cs) = (a-2b,3a+b,b)$, where $a = cr,b=cs$. Therefore $S$ is also closed under scalar multiplication. It follows that $S$ is a subspace of $\R^3$.

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